Comparison of Salivary and Serum Alkaline Phosphates Level and Lactate Dehydrogenase Levels in Patients with Tobacco Related Oral Lesions with Healthy Subjects - A Step Towards Early Diagnosis

Aim: To evaluate and compare salivary and serum levels of Alkaline Phosphates and Lactate Dehydrogenase in patients without the habit of tobacco, in patients with the habit of tobacco, in patients with benign oral lesions and in patients with oral premalignant lesions and oral malignant lesions. Material and Methodology: This study was comprised of 500 subjects, Group I: 100 healthy individuals without the habit of tobacco usage formed the control group. Group II: 100 patients with the habit of tobacco/ smoking consumption without any oral lesion. Group III: 100 patients with benign oral lesions. Group IV: 100 patients having the history of tobacco consumption and having apparent precancerous lesions like leukoplakia, erythroplakia. Group V:100  patients having frank oral cancer. The grade of dysplasia in these patients was statically correlated with the levels of serum and salivary ALP and LDH. Results: This study revealed that there was high expression of both serum and salivary ALP and LDH  in group IV and Group V as compared with the other groups and mean difference showed a statistically significant p value of less than 0.01. This study revealed that the in group V, the highest level of serum and salivary ALP was found in those patients who were reported with poorly differentiated oral cancer. Conclusion: Both Alkaline phosphates and Lactate dehydrogenase could be considered a sensitive markers for the detection of dysplasia with already existing precancancerous and cancerous lesions.     

加味温经汤联合阿仑膦酸钠片治疗肾阳亏虚型绝经后骨质疏松症临床研究

目的:观察加味温经汤联合阿仑膦酸钠片治疗肾阳亏虚型绝经后骨质疏松症(PMOP)的临床疗效。方法:选取150例肾阳亏虚型PMOP患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组各75例。对照组给予口服阿仑膦酸钠片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上加服加味温经汤,2组均治疗6个月。对比2组总体疗效、治疗前后碱性磷酸酶(ALP),血钙(Ca)、磷(P),雌二醇(E2),促卵泡雌素(FSH),促黄体生成素(LH)水平,记录治疗过程中不良反应发生情况。结果:观察组总有效率96.0%,对照组总有效率80.0%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组ALP水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),血Ca含量均较治疗前增加(P<0.05);观察组ALP水平低于对照组(P<0.05),血Ca含量高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组E2水平均较治疗前升高,FSH及LH水平均较治疗前降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组E2水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组血常规异常、肝肾功能异常、消化道症状、皮肤过敏发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:加味温经汤治疗肾阳亏虚型PMOP,能有效改善患者的临床症状和性激素水平,用药安全性高。     

血液透析对患者血清碱性磷酸酶、骨硬化蛋白与骨代谢的影响

目的血液透析对患者血清碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、骨硬化蛋白(SOST)与骨代谢等指标的影响。方法选取本院2016年1月至2019年1月期间收治的血液透析患者116例为研究对象纳入观察组,另选同期在本院进行体检的50例健康受试者为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附试验法对两组患者入院时的ALP、SOST、骨代谢指标:血清骨钙素(OC)、β胶原蛋白(β-CTX)、I型前胶原氨基末端前肽(PINP)指标水平,并进行组间对比。对观察组患者进行维持性的血液透析治疗,并检测比较在患者透析治疗前、透析治疗1、6、12个月的各项指标水平。采用Pearson检验对观察组患者的ALP、SOST与骨代谢指标的相关性进行分析。结果与对照组比较,观察组患者血液透析治疗前ALP、SOST、OC、β-CTX、PINP等指标均低于对照组受试者各项指标水平,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者中随着透析治疗时间的延长,患者的ALP、SOST、OC、β-CTX、PINP等指标水平均明显上升,各时间点间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Pearson检验分析,血液透析患者的ALP、SOST与骨代谢指标OC、β-CTX、PINP呈正相关性。结论血液透析患体内的ALP、SOST、骨代谢指标均呈现异常降低,经持续性血液透析治疗患者的ALP、SOST、骨代谢指标均有改善,且ALP、SOST与骨代谢指标OC、β-CTX、PINP呈正相关性。     

骨形成蛋白-2、成纤维细胞生长因子-2对大鼠触须毛乳头细胞增殖和毛发诱导能力的影响

目的探讨骨形成蛋白-2(BMP-2),成纤维细胞生长因子-2(FGF-2)单独及联合作用对毛乳头细胞增殖和毛发诱导能力的影响。方法采用显微机械法分离大鼠触须毛乳头并培养,行免疫荧光鉴定。CCK-8法检测毛乳头细胞的增殖活性。毛发诱导能力通过检测碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性确定。采用ELISA法检测胰岛素样生长因子-1(IGF-1)的含量。结果毛乳头细胞的ALP免疫荧光染色阳性,确定培养的细胞是毛乳头细胞。BMP-2对毛乳头细胞增殖无影响,但可提高毛乳头细胞的ALP活性并呈剂量依赖性。FGF-2促进毛乳头细胞增殖,但会降低毛乳头细胞的ALP活性并呈剂量依赖性。联合BMP-2和FGF-2既可以促进毛乳头细胞的增殖,又可以增强ALP活性,并呈时间依赖性。BMP-2可上调毛乳头细胞培养上清液中IGF-1的含量,并呈剂量依赖性。结论 BMP-2可能通过促进毛乳头细胞分泌IGF-1以保持毛乳头细胞的毛发诱导能力,按适当浓度比例联合BMP-2和FGF-2可形成互补作用,既促进毛乳头细胞的增殖,又可以保持其毛发诱导能力。     

Screening for Metabolic Bone Disease of prematurity

Metabolic bone disease (MBD) of prematurity remains a significant comorbid condition in preterm, low birth weight infants. As the majority of in utero calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (Phos) accretion occurs during the third trimester, many of these children have inadequate mineral stores and are at risk for deficiencies of Ca and Phos. While fortification of formula has allowed for increased mineral delivery to premature infants, intestinal immaturity prevents optimal absorption. This is compounded by immobilization, delayed establishment of enteral feeds, long term parenteral nutrition and medications that may alter mineral levels. Over time, biochemical changes occur and accompany MBD, with poor bone mineralization during this period increasing the risk for complications such as osteopenia, rickets and fractures. Screening is largely based on risk factors, but despite the 2013 AAP Consensus Statement, there remains significant variation in screening practices across institutions. A combination of laboratory and radiologic testing is often used to diagnose and manage MBD of prematurity, but there exists a lack of consensus on which screening tests and thresholds to use. This is in part related to a lack of normative data and clinical trials for preterm infants, and a result, a lack of evidence-based guidelines on the diagnosis and timing of potential treatment. Biochemical markers, such as serum Phos, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH), have shown some benefit in the diagnosis of MBD in some studies, but have not always been reproducible. Radiographs may identify different degrees of skeletal changes, but these changes may not be detected until later in MBD development. Other modalities, such as DXA and ultrasound, have also been used, but these may be limited by lack of standards in preterm infants or lack of availability in some centers. Further research, more specifically clinical trials, are needed to determine which combination of tests can detect MBD at its earliest, in order to promote early treatment and prevent short- and long-term complications of MBD.     

Alkaline phosphatase: An old enzyme newly discovered as a medicine

Alkaline phosphatase (AP), a non-toxic natural compound (enzyme) has a great potential to replace or avoid the use of various drugs, in particular anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. used during surgery and to reduce arthritis) and antibiotics applied to farm animals, which both have serious negative effects on the environment. Promising studies are being performed to demonstrate the possibility to avoid complications after major surgery (thereby eliminating the need to use harmful drugs for many years) and the reduction of antibiotics use in piglets.     

纳米氧化铝陶瓷对成骨细胞功能代谢影响的研究

目的 :比较纳米氧化铝 (nAl2 O3 )和常规氧化铝 (cAl2 O3 )对成骨细胞功能代谢方面影响。方法 :采用压制成型和无压烧结工艺制备nAl2 O3 和cAl2 O3 的块体材料 ,将体外原代分离培养成骨细胞分别接种于nAl2 O3 和cAl2 O3 的表面 ,分别在 7、14、2 1、2 8d时检测细胞内总蛋白、ALP活性及细胞基质钙含量。结果 :所制备的nAl2 O3 和cAl2 O3 的平均粒径分别为 60nm和 1.80 μm。 14、2 1和 2 8d时 ,nAl2 O3 表面附着的成骨细胞ALP活性和细胞基质钙含量均高于cAl2 O3 。结论 :与相应的cAl2 O3 比较 ,nAl2 O3 更能增强成骨细胞的功能及代谢活动     

三氧化矿物凝聚体对人乳牙牙髓细胞增殖和分化影响的实验研究

目的 对比三氧化矿物凝聚体(mineral trioxide aggregate,MTA)和氢氧化钙对人乳牙牙髓细胞增殖和分化的影响,为MTA应用于乳牙活髓保存治疗提供实验依据.方法 培养原代人乳牙牙髓细胞,采用噻唑蓝比色法检测乳牙牙髓细胞生长增殖的变化;von Kossa染色观察牙髓细胞钙结节形成情况,并计数分析;使用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应法检测碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、牙本质涎磷蛋白(dentin sialophosphoprotein,DSPP)基因的表达.结果 氢氧化钙组牙髓细胞增殖率显著低于对照组和MTA组(F=1792.301,P<0.01),最大增殖率为89.7%;MTA组牙髓细胞增殖率显著高于氢氧化钙组和对照组(F=1835.065,P<0.01),最大增殖率为118.4%.氢氧化钙组和MTA组牙髓细胞von Kossa染色均呈阳性,两组间钙结节计数分析差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).三组间ALP基因表达量差异有统计学意义(F=349.651,P<0.01),氢氧化钙组显著低于对照组和MTA组,MTA组显著高于氢氧化钙组和对照组;三组间DSPP基因表达量差异也有统计学意义(F=1653.001,P<0.01),氢氧化钙组显著低于对照组和MTA组,MTA组显著高于氢氧化钙组和对照组.结论 从促进乳牙牙髓细胞的增殖和分化来看,MTA比氢氧化钙更适合作为乳牙的盖髓剂.